Day Two A planned overnight stay in Broken Hill, an early start after sunrise, and a hearty morning breakfast before driving to an overnight stop in Tibooburra in outback New South Wales. Toyota Landcruiser easy driving. Broken Hill to Tibooburra is an all-sealed road, covering a distance of about 330km. The travel route follows the Silver City Highway via Fowlers Gap, Packsaddle, Milparinka, and the historic site of Depot Glen. Packsaddle Packsaddle is little more than a roadhouse/hotel in the outback, halfway between Broken Hill and Tibooburra. The Packsaddle is a clean and inviting stop with a good outback atmosphere. As they say, a true diamond in the dust. Fuel and accommodation are available. Established in 1958. Milparinka Milparinka is in Corner Country in far northwestern New South Wales on the banks of the Evelyn Creek. Gold deposits were found in the area in the 1870s. A few buildings have been restored. Located in Milparinka, there is: The Albert Hotel Currently open serving drinks & food. A store selling food and souvenirs. A modern large building housing an extensive gem and stone collection. The Milparinka Courthouse museum The Barracks Visitor Information Centre. The Police Cells Gallery. Bank ruins and other ruins. A small park with night sky and star explanation oddments. There is a caravan and camping area. Depot Glen The glen provided water for Captain Charles Sturt during his 1844-46 Central Australian Expedition. The expedition spent six months stranded here due to drought. The area is easily accessible by 4WD. However, the short walk to the actual campsite of Sturt is obstructed by hundreds of Orb spider webs strung between the vegetation and branches along the waterway. Traveldriven CHARLES STURT EXPEDITION & DEPOT GLEN AUDIO RECORDING HOWARD OF DESERT SKY TOURS DRIVE BROKEN HILL TO TIBOOBURRA SUNSET OVER BROKEN HILL BROKEN HILL, THE BIG BENCH PACKSADDLE OUTBACK BIKERS PACKSADDLE SIGNAGE DIAMOND IN THE DUST HANGING TOOLS OF THE TRADE OUTBACK HUMOUR OUTBACK PUBLIC ARTWORK ENTRANCE SIGN ON ENTRY TO MILPARINKA MILPARINKA TOWN BUILDINGS STILL IN USE ALBERT HOTEL, MILPARINKA ALBERT HOTEL BAR AREA AUDIO FILE OF A NIGHT AT THE ALBERT HOTEL MILPARINKA STONE AND GEM COLLECTION MILPARINKA STATE BANK RUINS CHARLES STURT EXPEDITION 1844 - 1846 JAMES POOLE SITE EXPEDITION INITIALS CARVED ON TREE PREV PAGE NEXT PREV NSW NEXT

Macquarie Pass The Pass is an eight km short, forested mountain pass on the Illawarra Highway. About two and a half hours drive from Canberra or two hours from Sydney. The Pass contains a few single lane sections with steep gradients. Acknowledged as an area for motor vehicle incidents. There are a few small quirky roadside oddments. Height above sea level of six hundred and twenty-two metres. If driven to the conditions, and allowing for passing traffic, Macquarie Pass is an enjoyable scenic road that winds its way through lush greenery and offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. The road meanders through the Illawarra Escarpment, providing drivers with a sense of adventure as they navigate its twists and turns. Along the way, travellers can admire the diverse flora and fauna that call this region home, from towering eucalyptus trees to colorful bird species. As you ascend or descend the pass, the elevation changes offer a unique perspective of the terrain below, creating a sense of awe and wonder at the natural beauty of the area. The road is well-maintained, if driven slowly, making for a smooth and pleasant driving experience, allowing visitors to focus on the stunning scenery unfolding before them. During certain times of the year, the pass is adorned with vibrant wildflowers. The air is crisp and fresh, invigorating the senses and providing a welcome escape from the hustle and bustle of everyday life. Whether you're a nature enthusiast, a photography buff, or simply seeking a peaceful drive or an exciting faster drive, Macquarie Pass promises a memorable journey at every turn. Bowral, Don Bradman and Kiama Macquarie Pass allows access between Bowral, a southern highland town and coastal towns of NSW. Bowral was the boyhood home of Australia's greatest cricketer Don Bradman. The Don Bradman cricket oval and museum is in Bowral. As is a lifesize statue. Local cricket matches are played on the oval. Bowral is connected to Kiama via Macquarie Pass. Kiama is a small coastal town well known for ocean blowholes along the rocky foreshore. Kiama fish and chip shops are renowned for serving incredibly delicious fish and chips that are a favourite among locals and visitors alike. The perfect combination of crispy batter, tender fish, and golden fries makes these dishes a culinary delight. Best enjoyed outdoors under the cool shade of the central main street trees. The provided public seating allows diners to relax and savor every bite while immersing themselves in the charming surroundings of Kiama. The ambiance of the bustling main street, coupled with the tantalizing aroma of freshly cooked fish and chips, creates a lasting memorable moment for anyone indulging in this classic seaside meal. Traveldriven BOWRAL (southern highlands) GOOGLE MAPS KIAMA (seaside town) GOOGLE MAPS MACQUARIE PASS IS A TWO-HOUR DRIVE FROM SYDNEY A FEW HAIRPIN BENDS 15KM MULTIPLE TIGHT BENDS & CURVES DRIVING DOWN MACQUARIE PASS THE DON BRADMAN OVAL & MUSUEM BOWRAL, HOMETOWN OF DON BRADMAN LITTLE BLOWHOLE, KIAMIA NSW PREV NSW NEXT HOMEPAGE

Grand Pacific Drive Beginning south of Sydney the drive follows a 140 km coastal route via Wollongong and across the Sea Cliff Bridge. The drive continues through to Shellharbour, Kiama and beyond. The route leading to Eden some 370 km from Shellharbour. Old Tom, Killer Whale of Eden (c. 1895 – 17 September 1930) Old Tom was a killer whale (orca) known to whalers in the port of Eden, New South Wales. Old Tom measured 22 feet (6.7 m) and weighed 6 tons, with a 3.33 feet (1 m) skull and teeth about 5.31 inches (13.4 cm) long. Old Tom, the legendary leader of "The Killers of Eden," was a remarkable figure in the history of whaling during the 1920s. This pod of killer whales, led by Old Tom, developed a unique and complex relationship with whalers, providing them with invaluable assistance in locating and hunting whales for their precious oil. The bond between the whalers and the killer whales was a testament to the intricate dynamics of nature and human interaction. Old Tom's intelligence and strategic prowess were unparalleled, as he orchestrated coordinated efforts with the whalers to corner and immobilize their prey, making the dangerous and arduous task of whaling more efficient and successful. The symbiotic relationship between the whalers and the killer whales was a fascinating example of mutual benefit and cooperation between two seemingly opposing forces. Despite the controversial nature of whaling, the story of Old Tom and "The Killers of Eden" serves as a reminder of the intricate connections that exist in the natural world and the unexpected alliances that can form between humans and animals. The legacy of Old Tom and his pod continues to intrigue and inspire, shedding light on the complexities of interspecies relationships and the profound impact they can have on our understanding of the world around us. Old Tom's bones were preserved and his skeleton is now on display in the Eden Killer Whale Museum. If driving south from Sydney towards Eden drive the winding Sea Cliff Bridge with expansive coastal views. The bridge is often featured in television automotive advertisements. The Sea Cliff Bridge, together with the adjoining Lawrence Hargrave Drive Bridge, are two road bridges that carry the scenic Lawrence Hargrave Drive across the rockface on the lllawarra escarpment, located in the northern Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia. Traveldriven Sydney to Sea Cliff Bridge 62 km by road. Via Grand Pacific Drive. Sea Cliff Bridge Google Maps Sydney to Eden 540 km by road. Eden to Melbourne 560 km by road. Merimbula to Eden by road 20 km. MERIMBULA GOOGLE MAPS EDEN KILLER WHALE MUSEUM DRIVE MELBOURNE OR SYDNEY TO EDEN SEA CLIFF BRIDGE NSW 'OLD TOM' BONES EDEN KILLER WHALE MUSEUM OLD TOM, THE KILLER WHALE PORT OF EDEN FRESH MUSSELS AND CRAYFISH MERIMBULA ACCOMMODATION, NEAR EDEN MERIMBULA NSW ROCKS EDEN NSW BOATS PREV NSW NEXT HOMEPAGE

Perisher Valley The ski resort is Australia's largest at 1,720 metres (5,640 ft) in elevation. It is reached along the all sealed Kosciuszko Road from Jindabyne in New South Wales. Outside of the snow season two-wheel drive vehicles may travel to the Perisher Valley area and ski resort without the need for 4wd or snow chains. It may be possible to gain close up views of sightseeing snow covered mountains in the spring or autumn months. The popular Snow Gums Boardwalk is easily accessible outside of the snow season. During these months much of the resort undergoes much needed maintenance for chair lifts, buildings and infrastructure. Expect to see very little retail or services open or running in the maintenance period. Do not expect to refuel as Jindabyne may be the closest centre for year round services. For such a large place as the ski resort the whole place seems devoid of people. Only a few vehicles are seen driving about. Nobody including staff are in the few public buildings that are open. Apparently, the fire station has a member onsite if a park ranger cannot be found and is required. Unable to drink coffee Upon arrival at the resort around noon, the need for a comforting cup of hot coffee was undeniable. The quest for this simple pleasure led to a series of inquiries made at various buildings within the resort premises, including the undercover village square. However, despite these diligent efforts, no soul could be found to assist or even direct to a place where coffee could be obtained. It was a deserted scene, with an eerie stillness enveloping the once bustling resort. In a stroke of luck, one of the scarce maintenance workers present amidst the desolation was approached for guidance. Regrettably, the news delivered was disheartening - all retail establishments had ceased operations as the ski season had drawn to a close. The resort, which had thrived on the vibrant energy of winter sports enthusiasts now stood in a state of hibernation. Not a single cafe or eatery remained open to cater even to the essential needs of the diligent maintenance staff who worked tirelessly behind the scenes. The abrupt end of the ski season had cast a shadow over the resort. The absence of the usual hustle and bustle painted a stark picture of transition, as the winter wonderland transformed into a quiet, almost abandoned landscape. The once lively resort now echoed with emptiness, a poignant reminder of the ephemeral nature of seasonal destinations. The longing for a simple cup of coffee symbolized not just a physical need but a desire for the warmth and familiarity that had vanished along with the departing winter guests. Traveldriven JINDABYNE GOOGLE MAPS DRIVE JINDABYNE - PERISHER VALLEY - CHARLOTTE PASS SNOW MOBILES AT PERISHER VALLEY SKI RESORT SIGHT SEEING SNOW PERISHER VALLEY SKI RESORT PERISHER VALLEY SKI RESORT PERISHER VALLEY SKI RESORT NO COFFEE ON THE WATERFRONT OF LAKE JINDABYNE PREV NSW NEXT

Charlotte Pass The ski Resort is the highest in Australia at 1765 metres. Located in New South Wales. Charlotte Pass Resort has recorded the lowest temperature ever in mainland Australia and Tasmania of minus 23.0 C in June of 1994. The Alpine area gets completely covered by winter snow. The Kosciuszko Chalet Hotel was built in 1930 and is popular for accommodation as is the Stilwell Hotel. There are numerous other accommodation options. Snow Gums Boardwalk The Snow Gums Boardwalk, situated slightly higher than Charlotte Pass Alpine Village at an elevation of 1835 metres, offers a serene and picturesque experience for visitors. Accessible via a sealed road that leads to a small carpark with onsite tourist toilet facilities, the boardwalk provides easy access to nature enthusiasts. The well-maintained boardwalk, spanning around 400 metres by return walk, features about thirty grated steps at the end of the boardwalk along with guide railing that leads to a raised lookout platform, offering stunning views of the surrounding landscape, including a glimpse of Mount Kosciuszko in the distance. Australia's tallest mountain. Surprisingly, surrounded by mountain views Mount Kosciuszko does not dominate the skyline. Despite its elevation, the walk is suitable for individuals of all abilities, making it an inclusive experience for everyone. Even those with a fear of heights can enjoy the tranquil surroundings, walking amongst snow gums with their unique, smooth weathered trunks and twisted branches, as well as observing the rugged beauty of weathered rocks and Alpine shrubs along the way. As visitors traverse the boardwalk, they are treated to spectacular views of the Alpine vista unfolding before them. The scenery, especially during the off-season month of October when much snow has melted, reveals a striking contrast between the remnants of large icy patches reflecting bright white in the sunlight and the emerging lush greenery, creating a mesmerizing visual spectacle that captivates all who venture into this alpine environment above the clouds. The melting ice & snow, although not accessible from the boardwalk, appearing quite close. Accessible by two-wheel-drive vehicles outside of the ski season, the Snow Gums Boardwalk offers a tranquil escape into nature, allowing visitors to immerse themselves in the beauty of the Australian Alps. The journey from Jindabyne to Perisher Valley and onwards to Charlotte Pass is a scenic route that sets the stage for the awe-inspiring experience that awaits at the boardwalk, making it a do not miss destination for those seeking a peaceful retreat in the heart of the Snowy Mountains. Traveldriven ENTRY SIGN TO CHARLOTTE PASS SNOW GUMS BOARDWALK VIEW FROM SNOW GUMS BOARDWALK LOOKOUT ROCKS AND SNOW VIEWS VIEW FROM SNOW GUMS BOARDWALK ENTRY SNOW GUMS CARPARK WITH BACKGROUND SNOW PREV NSW NEXT

Aoraki / Mount Cook New Zealand's highest mountain. Summit height is 3,724 metres (12,218 feet). Mount Cook is in the Southern Alps. The mountain range runs the length of the South Island. Small boat tours are available on Tasman Lake a short drive away by tour vehicle from the Hermitage Hotel. Many floating icebergs are on the lake. Taste an iceberg on the lake. https://www.hermitage.co.nz/experience/glacier-explorers/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasman_Glacier Hermitage Hotel The hotel has distant views to Mount Cook. Located in a valley. There are floor to ceiling windows in the hotel lobby with closeup spectacular snowcapped mountain views. The hotel h ouses the Sir Edmund Hillary Museum and the hotel has ten floors. All rooms have spectacular mountain views. In fair weather, I walked solo part of the very steep hiking trail behind and above the Hermitage Hotel. I was soon out of sight of all buildings and the landscape was surrounded by snow covered mountains on all sides. My walking trail followed a walkway along the lower slopes above a valley disappearing between the snow covered hills. I came across a walkway sign explaining unmarked possible avalanche areas ahead. As deep avalanche rumblings could be heard echoing around the mountains, I thought it prudent to turn about and return to the safety of the Hermitage Hotel. Tasman Glacial Lake Pickup was arranged via the Hermitage Hotel. Our tour group was driven a short distance to the Tasman Lake and Tasman Glacier by the tour operator. The glacial lake tour begins on the otherside of a mountain which is often snowcapped between the lake and the Hermitage Hotel. All tours are conducted by boarding a tender craft and each tender is accompanied by an onboard tour guide. Lake water is pale green. No marine life live in the lake water. Large and small icebergs float around the lake pushed by wind. Icebergs small and house sized are carved from the Tasman Glacier at the alpine end of the lake. Once on the lake the tender boat tour operator snags and chips off small pieces of smaller icebergs for people to examine and to taste. There is a large boat exclusion zone from the glacier edge for safety. Tour is valve for money. A unique experience. Traveldriven ENTER CLICK/TAP The Hermitage Hotel. Mt Cook GOOGLE MAPS IN REALTIME DRIVE CHRISTCHURCH-MOUNT COOK-QUEENSTOWN MOUNT COOK Sir Edmund Hillary looking at Mt Cook. First to climb Mt Everest MOUNT COOK OVER THE HERMITAGE HOTEL TASMAN GLACIER BOAT TASTE AN ICEBERG ICEBERG LAKE ICEY LAKE LAKE ICEBERGS THE TOUR BOATS DRIVING PAST SNOW-COVERED HILLS PARKING NEAR MT COOK RESORTS WALKING TRACK TURN AROUND POINT SWAY FOOT BRIDGE OVER ICEY CREEK CLICK TO ENTER MOUNT COOK MAP PREV PAGE NEXT HOMEPAGE

Driving to Milford Sound Homer Tunnel The Homer Tunnel is a 1.2 km (0.75 miles) long road tunnel in the Fiordland region of the South Island of New Zealand. The tunnel was opened in 1953. New Zealand State Highway 94 passes through the tunnel, joining Milford Sound to Te Anau and Queenstown. Milford Sound State Highway 94 to Milford Sound. Apparently one of the best drives in all of New Zealand. We had done the overnight cruise on Doubtful sound. Highly recommended and very enjoyable. Our self-drive schedule allowed for a rest day in Te Anau and a tour of the Te Anau glowworm caves with a boat ride on the underground river. I was keen on the Milford Sound drive. Others were not. So, driving solo, I began the three hour return road trip to Milford Sound. Plenty of snow and ice about. Road clear. Snow chains not required. Very rewarding drive. However, on approach to Homer Tunnel entrance signs said daily tunnel closure 1pm sharp for road maintenance works. I estimated sixty minutes to return to the tunnel entrance from Milford Sound. I knew I was twenty minutes and 18 km from Milford Sound. I judged I had time to go and to return back through the tunnel with fifteen minutes to spare. I went for it. I purchased a can of coke in the shop opposite the boats. Milford Sound Village. Stood on the foreshore for two minutes jumped back in the car and drove back. Workers were in the process of closing the tunnel. Five minutes to spare. I arrived back in Te Anau. The point is, if I had missed the closure time, I knew the little accommodation available in Milford Sound was fully booked. I would have had to sleep in the car overnight in subzero temperatures. Basically, derailing the rest of our holiday plans. With hindsight I should have turned about before the tunnel. I allowed no room for lost time. The drive was one of the best done including all of Australia. Sometimes you get lucky. Doubtful Sound Board the Fiordland Navigator for an overnight sleep and cruise on Doubtful Sound. Thirty minutes drive from Te Anau or three hours' drive from Queenstown. Itinerary begins in Manapouri . Travel across scenic Lake Manapouri by boat. Board a coach driving across Wilmot Pass, travelling on a sub-alpine road through rainforest. Arrive at Deep Cove wilderness area. Be met by crew and the Fiordland Navigator ship. Drop anchor in a cove for an overnight sleep in a private cabin. Enjoy kayaking and tender craft activities. Complete wilderness area. Doubtful Sound is surrounded by steep mountains and cascading waterfalls. The following day return around mid-day back across Lake Manapouri. This particular booked cruise was met with frequent heavy rain upon boarding the Fiordland Navigator at the jetty on Deep Cove. Once underway the captain picked a waterfall to allow the cascading water to flow onto the front bow of the ship. Passengers were allowed on the bow wearing full rain jackets underneath the falling water. A unique experience. The next morning a PA announcement said all lights and power to be turned off for five minutes to let guests experience the tranquillity of the natural peace and quiet. However, caught in the bathroom with no lights during these five minutes was not enjoyable. The difference between the two Sounds? In sea area Doubtful Sound is about ten times larger than Milford. The mountains not quite as tall. Hard to tell a difference from the water. Milford Sound is accessible by car. Day activities are available. Doubtful Sound has no vehicle access and the only way to experience it is by overnight cruise. Doubtful Sound really feels like an adventure to forbidden lands. First the small ferry across the Lake. Then the modified minibus ride over the range to the moored ship. The beginning of a day and night cruising total wilderness that would not be out of place in Jurassic Park. Just somewhat cooler and rainy. Traveldriven CLICK TO ENTER MILFORD SOUND GOOGLE MAPS TE ANAU GOOGLE MAPS MANAPOURI GOOGLE MAPS DOUBTFUL SOUND GOOGLE MAPS DRIVING TE ANAU TO MILLFORD SOUND Fiordland Navigator sailing Doubtful Sound Overnight cruise on Doubtful Sound Click/Tap https://www.realnz.com/en/experiences/cruises/doubtful-sound-overnight-cruises/ TE ANAU CAVE TOUR & CRUISE MORNING DRIVE FROM TE ANAU TO MILFORD SOUND AND BACK AVALANCHE SIGN BESIDE ROAD NO STOPPING FOR PHOTO'S RISKED ONE PHOTO COLD AIR TEMP ALL DAY HOMER TUNNEL SNOW ONE SIDE GREEN THE OTHER TUNNEL CLOSURE SIGNS BEHIND CAMERA INSIDE HOMER TUNNEL DRIVING THROUGH THE HOMER TUNNEL PREV PAGE NEXT HOMEPAGE

The most dangerous place I have ever been to is White Island -Traveldriven White Island Volcano, North Island Active andesite stratovolcano situated forty-eight km (30 mi) from the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand, in the Bay of Plenty. The island covers an area of approximately 325 ha (800 acres), which is just the top of a much larger submerged volcano. White Island is New Zealand's most active cone volcano. Continuous volcanic activity over the past 150,000 years has increased the volcano in size. The nearest mainland towns are Whakatane and Tauranga. Whakatane pronunciation is fuh-kuh-taa-nay Very similar to common curse words. Rotorua, North Island Ride a 900-metre-long cableway Gondola with views of steaming geysers and bubbling mud pools on its way to Skyline amusement park. Slight incline unlike the very steep chairlift in Queenstown. Rotorua is about one hundred km by road to Whakatane and the now discontinued White Island tour boat jetty departure point. White Island Daily Tours Before 2019 and for many years beforehand there were daily conducted tour groups of White Island to view the island's steaming crater. Day tours were allowed up until a deadly eruption occurred in 2019. An eruption in December 2019 killed 24 people and of the 25 rescued these were left injured with severe burns. All 47 tourists were on organised adventure tours. Before this occurred some 10,000 tourists visited White Island (Whakaari) each year. Usually by tour boat. I was one such tourist. A smaller number visited by helicopter. I was arriving by a day tour bus. White Island is the most dangerous place I have ever been to. At the time I was fully aware of this. This was in late 2015. Before the tour I did my White Island research. Tour leaflets were scant on the dangers. I discovered steam driven eruptions do occur on occasion with little or no warnings. A few miners in 1914 had been killed by a sudden eruption. The science agency monitoring the island were reluctant to send personal to check equipment on a frequent basis because of risk. Yet tour operations were deemed ok to visit daily. All visitors were required to wear a hard hat, carry a gas mask have sturdy enclosed footwear and wear long trousers. I knew these offered no protection for the body against volatile steam. Distal hissing steam vents and strong sulphur smells protection, maybe. Like many others, perhaps not as aware of steam eruptions as me, I thought one hour on the island is risky but a very brief visit somewhat safe. So, I decided to go. I made a mental note do it once and never go back. I have experienced a raging bushfire, gale force storms in a sailing boat, and even an aviation forced landing. White Island was the most dangerous of all and I knew it. Walking The Volcano The transfer from the tender boat to the shore required careful consideration and teamwork. The water was choppy, and the crumbling makeshift jetty, which had clearly seen better days, was in a state of disrepair. Each person had to navigate a small jump from tender to shore while balancing the risk of falling into the somewhat rough waters, which added an element of excitement and danger to the journey. The sound of waves against the jetty filled the air, creating a backdrop of nature’s raw power. Upon reaching the shore, the group was greeted by the sight of heavily rusted old mining structures that lay scattered across the landscape, remnants of a bygone era. These dilapidated buildings, once bustling with activity during the mining boom, stood as silent witnesses to the harsh realities of the past. The area was steeped in history, with evidence of previous volcanic eruptions that had dramatically altered the landscape and caused significant destruction. A tour guide shared poignant stories of the miners who had worked in these harsh conditions, many of whom had tragically lost their lives about one hundred years prior to a steam eruption. This history added a layer of gravity to the exploration, reminding everyone of the dangers that once lurked, and still do, in this beautiful yet perilous setting. All participants in the tour were explicitly instructed not to deviate from the designated track and to maintain a single file line behind the tour leader, who was well-versed in the intricacies of the terrain. The landscape was both captivating and treacherous, characterised by near-boiling shallow streams that shimmered with a spectrum of colors, each less than a stride wide, potentially hazardous to those who strayed too close. These vibrant streams, a result of the mineral-rich waters bubbling up from the earth, were mesmerising yet posed a risk to the unwary; thus, caution was paramount. As the group navigated the path, they were repeatedly reminded to tread carefully on the uneven ground, which was riddled with rocks and loose gravel that could easily cause a misstep. Participants were particularly warned to avoid any ground depressions that lay off the walking track, as these low areas were notorious for trapping sulphur gas, a toxic byproduct of the geothermal activity in the region. The pungent smell of sulphur hung in the air, serving as a stark reminder of the volatile nature of the environment they were exploring. After about a good twenty minute walk. Most ventured to the crater's rough edge. The main steam vent, a natural phenomenon of geothermal activity, was boiling vigorously and releasing thick clouds of steam that spiralled into the air, creating a surreal atmosphere a few hundred metres away from where we stood. Looking somewhat small against the surrounding bare hot rock and mud. No lava was observed as such, this being a steam volcano. Our small group then returned to inspect the mining ruins near to the jetty. Then once again hopping from the old rough concrete jetty with its exposed rusted iron and steel cables of reinforcement into the tender craft before returning to the relative safety of the boat. Eruption Day A night eruption on April 27, 2016, occurred without warning when no one was on the island. A tourist daytime visit in 2019 coincided with a large eruption. The eruption occurred on a Monday afternoon. Killing twenty tourists and two tour guides. Although infrequent, eruptions can occur on any day, any time. However, daily visits around the island by boat or aircraft forbidding setting foot on the island would have been a much better safer option from day one. That said, it's still a risk to go near the island. After all, it's an active unpredictable and deadly volcano. All White Island tourist actively is permanently suspended. Traveldriven ENTER CLICK/TAP WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO GOOGLE MAPS ROTORUA GOOGLE MAPS WHITE ISLAND READY TO BLOW WHITE ISLAND TOUR BOAT CLOSE TO THE VOLCANO VOLCANO TOURIST DROP OFF POINT GETTING READY HARD HAT & MASK ON THE VOLCANO BOILING STEAM WALKING TO THE CRATER RIM SAFETY GEAR HARD HAT AND MASK ABANDONED RUINS SITE WALKING TRAIL FROM THE BOAT HOW SAFE? BACK TO THE BOAT & SAFETY ALMOST THERE STEAMING WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO SURVIVORS OF WHITE ISLAND AFTER THE VOLCANO ERUPTION BACK TO THE MAINLAND & SAFETY ROTORUA PREV PAGE NEXT HOMEPAGE

Birdsville, Queensland Birdsville has been called Australia's most isolated outback town. There are paved streets, housing, and infrastructure unlike some remote small towns. There are twelve named streets in Birdsville. The Birdsville Hotel is on the corner of Burt and Adelaide Streets. Opposite the hotel is Birdsville Airport. There is a manned police station, and a small primary school. There is a non-grassed sports oval and tennis courts, a hardware store on Billabong Boulevard, and a couple of cafes. Birdsville Tourist Park caters to campers, and the Birdsville Bakery off Jardine Street sells the famous curried camel pies. There are a few ruined buildings and restored buildings such as the old hospital. CAMEL PIE I was going to buy a curried camel pie for a late lunch; however, the bakery had sold out. Never mind, the next morning was to be breakfast at the bakery. So, of course, I ate a camel pie loaded with tomato sauce on top for breakfast. Others did not think it was a good idea to eat a camel pie for breakfast. I enjoyed it and suffered no problems later. The pie was chunky, similar to a steak pie. Good taste. A little stringy. Still very good to eat. Standing in front of the Royal Hotel ruins, a ride-on lawn mower rounded the corner from Frew Street to Adelaide Street. The rider was intent on mowing one side of the grassed nature strip. I imagine it's a rare sight in Birdsville - mowing green grass. PELICAN POINT The Diamantina River flows on the edge of Birdsville township. A new bridge was built to replace the old Diamantina Crossing. Pelican Point is about one km from the bridge. Our Toyota Landcruiser driving at walking pace on a track towards a large wetland area bordering the Diamantina River. None of us expecting to see any pelicans. Edging closer to an expanse of water dozens of pelicans could be seen sitting on the water sheltered by a divide in the river. On closer approach the pelicans were spooked by noise and all flew further upriver. Empty horse holding pens for the Birdsville Races were scattered along the river's bank. Surrounded by green undergrowth waist high from recent rain. Traveldriven GOOGLE MAPS BIRDSVILLE CURRENT SEVEN DAY FORECAST FOR BIRDSVILLE BIRDSVILLE TOWNSHIP NIGHT LIFE IN BIRDSVILLE? WATER TOWER SUNRISE ON GRAHAM STREET BIRDSVILLE BAKERY ON JARDINE STREET FAMOUS CURRIED CAMEL PIE FOR BREAKFAST TOPPED WITH TOMATO SAUCE THOSE CURRIED CAMEL PIES AWAIT THE ROYAL HOTEL RUINS ROYAL HOTEL RUINS BUY FUEL AT THE SERVICE STATION & PLAY PIANO MESSAGE REWRITTEN BY TRAVELDRIVEN SEVERAL TIMES ANNOYED BY SWARMING FLIES BURKE & WILLS MOMUMENT, BIRDSVILLE AIRPORT BIRDSVILLE BIRDLIFE PREV PAGE NEXT

"It's a special place, my high perch, where I sit cross legged facing the setting sun. To the north and south of me, domes of windswept sand protrude like pimples over a ridge line, each one fired like a glowing poker, while below me, the shadow cast by the westerly dune inches its way across the inter-dunal flat, intent on destruction. Darkness Falls on Big Red. Bartell, Denis (1978) The Frozen Sea On the edge of the Simpson Desert is a section of the long parallel sand dune Nappanerica commonly referred to as Big Red. This sand dune is accessible to 4wd vehicles to climb and perhaps for 2wd to reach the base of the dune driving from Birdsville 35 km away to the west. Big Red Big Red is the first and highest of well over one thousand parallel dunes in the Simpson Desert, which run north-south for hundreds of kilometres. Big Red's summit is approximately 36.5m (120 ft) above sea level. Roughly 30 to 33m (98 -108 ft) above the surrounding plain. The worlds remotest music festival the once a year Big Red Bash attracts thousands of music lovers and is held on the Birdsville side of Big Red on the flat and dry clay pan with Big Red as a backdrop. The annual last weekend in June event of 2024 was apparently a wet occasion. Weekend rain arrived. Turning the clay pan dust to a vast pan of mud, sticking to all and sundry for miles around. Authorities even closed the Birdsville Track for a few days. Driving Big Red is always prohibited for the duration of the festival. We in our Landcruiser were here with no restrictions as it was a normal time of year with no events in the Birdsville area and the weather fine and dry. Driving Big Red to the Top The road out to Big Red goes over Little Red into the Simpson Desert. For a greater challenge Little Red is the first sand dune to cross over and reach Big Red from the steeper side of Nappanerica. From the Birdsville side we made a right-hand turn with Little Red out in front. There is no need to traverse Little Red before tackling and driving Big Red. The easiest access point to Big Red is before Little Red on the Birdsville side and to drive further along the base of Nappanerica along a very short flat track to the right. We three were in a V8 Toyota Landcruiser. A red flag on a pole was attached to the front of the Landcruiser before the climb. Regulations require a minimum height of 3.5 metres from the ground. The red flag for vehicle safety, to alert other drivers a vehicle is cresting sand dunes from the other direction. On our first attempt Howard the driver kept the vehicle in Hi range. Tyres were left at normal road pressures. With a run up head start, we reached the top in little more than a minute. Quite easily done. On the other side of Big Red as mentioned was a steeper short access track up to the top. We were the only vehicle and people there at this time of day. About midday. Outside of the vehicle flies were bothersome by the dozen. After a rest and a look about, we descended Big Red and drove past another 4wd parked with the driver deflating his tyres for the run up on the loose sandy track. On Top of Big Red Walking to the top dune crests of Big Red is a challenging experience, as the red sand resembles quicksand, making each step a struggle. The fine powdery sand seems determined to engulf anyone attempting to climb the peaks of the surrounding crests, with each footstep sand engulfing past the ankle and sand cascading past the wrists, when looking to gain traction to top the crests. Despite the daunting terrain, with perseverance and a crab-like movement, it is possible to reach the highest crest of the dunes. Fighting swarming flies away from your face. The shifting sand constantly threatens to pull you down. The panoramic view from the top, however, makes the effort worthwhile, offering a breathtaking vista of the vast red desert, low hardy bushes and small green spindly clumps of grass stretching out in all directions, a reminder of the raw beauty and harshness of nature. Traveldriven BIG RED AND THE SIMPSON DESERT AUDIO RECORDING HOWARD OF DESERT SKY TOURS DRIVING BIG RED ON TOP OF BIG RED BIG RED DUNE WALKING BIG RED THE STEEPER SIDE OF BIG RED HOWARD, ON BIG RED BIG RED IS SCAREY NAPPANERICA SAND DUNE, BIG RED PREV PAGE NEXT

Flight Into the Simpson Desert The Simpson Desert is Australia's fourth-largest desert and perhaps the most notorious. The Simpson is known for its parallel sand dunes, stretching for hundreds of kilometres. The desert is largely red sandy plains between the dunes and uninhabited, bordering the states of South Australia, Queensland, and the Northern Territory in Central Australia. Area: 176,500 km2 (68,100 sq mi) Waddi Trees Waddi Trees (Acacia peuce) grow in just a few places in Australia. They are a rare and ancient species, with spiky, needle-like leaves and thick bark. The trees grow only on dry, barren ground on the fringe of the Simpson Desert in Queensland and the Northern Territory. Waddi trees grow to about 9 metres and may live for as long as 1,000 years. They have yellow wood with a bright red core. The wood of the tree is of extreme hardness. Driving the Simpson A vehicle crossing of the parallel dunes will take four days at a minimum. West to east is usually the easier direction. Vehicles consume huge amounts of fuel to drive over the dunes, and becoming bogged in the loose sand is frequent. The Simpson Desert National Park is closed annually over the summer months, any vehicle breakdown and subsequent stranding while attempting a summer crossing will likely lead to life threating situations from the constant extreme heat. Temperatures exceed fifty degrees daily. The Madigan Line The best route to follow is the Madigan Line. The route is not a track; it's more a series of GPS waypoints and involves traversing more than 1,300 sand dunes. The French Line The French Line is a track of some sort and is the shortest route across the Simpson Desert and may be the most demanding to traverse. There are no trees for shade. The French Line from Dalhousie Springs to Birdsville is a distance of 440 km, requiring a minimum of three days to complete. The average speed on the French Line for a 4WD vehicle is 32 km/hr. Often down to 15 km/hr. In the event of any vehicle breakdown, rescue may not be timely or practical in life threatening situations. Flying Into the Simpson Desert Early morning or pre-sunset scenic flights may be booked from the Birdsville Hotel. Upon arrival for the pre-flight briefing, we were informed our sunset flight would include four people, including two pilots. We were asked if we had flown in a light aircraft before. I explained that my last flight was in a Tiger Moth a few years ago in Mackay, Queensland. On that occasion, we didn't make it back to the airport and were forced to land on the ring road due to engine failure. The pilots reassured me Tiger Moths are sturdy planes, just like the one we were flying in today. I was hoping we wouldn't have to make a forced landing and be stranded and lost in the Simpson Desert overnight. Those things don't happen twice, right? Anyway, it was time to go. The two pilots and the two of us passengers strapped ourselves in and took off. The thirty minute flight was very interesting and incident-free. Feral camels, along with goannas, foxes, and dingoes, are frequently found in the deserts of Australia. The closest small towns to the edge of the Simpson Desert are Birdsville in Queensland and Oodnadatta in South Australia. Traveldriven WHAT CAN HAPPEN IN THE DESERT AUDIO RECORDING HOWARD OF DESERT SKY TOURS BIRDSVILLE AIRPORT OPPOSITE HOTEL BIRDSVILLE AVIATION SIGHT SEEING AIRCRAFT FLIGHT INTO THE SIMPSON DESERT STUCK IN THE DESERT SIMPSON DESERT RECOVERY VEHICLE ROYAL FLYING DOCTOR SERVICE, BIRDSVILLE SIMPSON DESERT WADDLE TREE OUTSIDE OF BIRDSVILLE PREV PAGE NEXT

Not far from Marree, beside the Birdsville Track, are sandstone ruins of yesteryear. A well-formed fireplace still remains intact, with remains of a chimney once above. If firewood could be gathered in the sparse landscape, a strong, warm fire could soon be made. Stone windowless frameworks can be examined, and the wind whistles through the few stunted trees, surrounded by desolate countryside. Clayton Wetlands Campsite, Birdsville Track A roadside stop along the Birdsville Track. Offers; hot showers toilets hot artesian bath a place to camp overnight Located amidst the rugged beauty of the Australian outback, the Clayton Wetlands Campsite offers a unique opportunity to immerse oneself in the tranquility of nature. Nestled in the heart of the wilderness, this campsite provides a peaceful retreat for weary travellers along the dusty Birdsville Track. Visitors can indulge in the simple pleasures of life at the campsite, enjoying the convenience of hot showers and clean toilets after a long day of exploration. For those seeking relaxation, the campsite boasts a rejuvenating hot artesian bath, perfect for unwinding under the vast outback sky. As the sun sets over the horizon, travellers can set up their vans and settle in for a night under the stars. The Clayton Wetlands Campsite is not just a desolate stopover; it is an experience to be cherished, a moment of respite in the midst of the rugged Australian landscape. Traveldriven WARNING REMOTE AREAS AHEAD SIGNAGE CLAYTON WETLANDS ROADSIDE SIGNAGE CLAYTON WETLANDS CAMPSITE BIRDSVILLE TRACK WAYSIDE STOP RUINS OFF OF THE BIRDSVILLE TRACK RUINS NORTH OF MARREE NORTHERN FLINDERS RANGES SIGN OUT ON THE WIDE OPEN PLAIN STANDING ABOUT LARGE FIREPLACE PREV PAGE NEXT